Glossary entry (derived from question below)
Japanese term or phrase:
靱延性
English translation:
toughness and ductility
Added to glossary by
Steven Smith
Jun 15, 2008 19:37
15 yrs ago
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Japanese term
United Kingdom
靱延性
Japanese to English
Tech/Engineering
Metallurgy / Casting
Seems to be a rare word. Obviously 延性 is ductility and 靱性 also turns up in some dictionaries as ductility. Is this therefore just ductility or is there some subtle distinction?
Proposed translations
(English)
| 4 +1 | toughness and ductility |
summereye
|
| 4 | Malleability |
Will Matter
|
| 1 | Ductility strength |
AniseK
|
Proposed translations
+1
6 hrs
Selected
toughness and ductility
靭性は２つの国語辞典で次のように説明されています。
固体のもつ性質の一。材質の粘り強さ。外力によって破壊されにくい性質。 [大辞泉]
材料の粘り強さ。材料の中で亀裂が発生しにくく、かつ伝播しにくい性質。延性・展性が一般に平滑な材料についての特性であるのに対して、亀裂や切り欠きのある材料の特性。
→脆性(ぜいせい) [大辞林]
ですから、靭性の訳語はtoughnessが相応しいです。
因みに、延性と展性を大辞泉で引くと次のように出ています。
延性＝物体が、その弾性の限界を超えても破壊されずに引き伸ばされる性質。金・銀・白金・銅などが延性に富む。→展性 [大辞泉]
展性＝物質が圧力や打撃によって、破壊されることなく薄い箔(はく)に広げられる性質。金・銀・錫(すず)・アルミニウムなど、一般に柔らかい金属がこの性質に富む。→延性 [大辞泉]
つまり、延性と展性は似ていますが、意味の重点の置き方が違います。延性は弾性限界を超えても材料が破壊されないということに、展性は材料が２次元的に広げられる（展開されるの展の字を取ったものでしょう）ということに意味の重点があります。
訳語としては、延性はductility、展性はmalleabilityが当てられます。
固体のもつ性質の一。材質の粘り強さ。外力によって破壊されにくい性質。 [大辞泉]
材料の粘り強さ。材料の中で亀裂が発生しにくく、かつ伝播しにくい性質。延性・展性が一般に平滑な材料についての特性であるのに対して、亀裂や切り欠きのある材料の特性。
→脆性(ぜいせい) [大辞林]
ですから、靭性の訳語はtoughnessが相応しいです。
因みに、延性と展性を大辞泉で引くと次のように出ています。
延性＝物体が、その弾性の限界を超えても破壊されずに引き伸ばされる性質。金・銀・白金・銅などが延性に富む。→展性 [大辞泉]
展性＝物質が圧力や打撃によって、破壊されることなく薄い箔(はく)に広げられる性質。金・銀・錫(すず)・アルミニウムなど、一般に柔らかい金属がこの性質に富む。→延性 [大辞泉]
つまり、延性と展性は似ていますが、意味の重点の置き方が違います。延性は弾性限界を超えても材料が破壊されないということに、展性は材料が２次元的に広げられる（展開されるの展の字を取ったものでしょう）ということに意味の重点があります。
訳語としては、延性はductility、展性はmalleabilityが当てられます。
Example sentence:
Hadfield`s steel was unique in that it combined high toughness and ductility with high work-hardening capacity and, usually, good resistance to wear.
DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGH STRENGTH STAINLESS STEEL WITH IMPROVED TOUGHNESS AND DUCTILITY
Reference:
http://www.key-to-steel.com/default.aspx?ID=CheckArticle&LN=JP&NM=69
http://stinet.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=AD0712724
Peer comment(s):
| agree |
AniseK
: Your answer is definitely better than mine.
1 min
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Thank you. Reading your explanation you have the answer too.
|
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer.
Comment: "Thanks. This seems most convincing."
47 mins
Will Matter
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Malleability
Here are two alternate suggestions that may help. I agree that "ductility" is a viable option but I would normally translate 延性 (えんせい) as "malleability" and / or "plasticity" (depending on which type of material is being worked with) and I would leave it at that. HTH.
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Note added at 2 hrs (2008-06-15 22:31:19 GMT)
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I don't entirely agree. 延性 is definitely "malleability". Jim Breen uses this exact term for 延性 as does Nelson's Japanese English Character Dictionary. I think that part of the confusion may be our individual understanding of the nuances (in English) of the words "ductility" and "malleability. "Ductility" refers, quite specifically, to the properties shown when metal is drawn or extruded (as in the case of wiremaking or pipe / tube formation) whereas "malleability" refers, again quite specifically, to cases where the metal is bent / shaped / pressed / formed / molded, usually by machines and through pressure. For example, in the case where jewelers use progressively smaller dies to make gold wire from gold ingots "ductility" (not malleability) should be used and in those cases where large machines use pressure to form auto body parts (such as doors) "malleability" is more appropriate. The two terms do overlap to a certain extent but they are not entirely interchangeable (in either language) and the nuances and usage are different. HTH.
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Note added at 2 hrs (2008-06-15 22:31:19 GMT)
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I don't entirely agree. 延性 is definitely "malleability". Jim Breen uses this exact term for 延性 as does Nelson's Japanese English Character Dictionary. I think that part of the confusion may be our individual understanding of the nuances (in English) of the words "ductility" and "malleability. "Ductility" refers, quite specifically, to the properties shown when metal is drawn or extruded (as in the case of wiremaking or pipe / tube formation) whereas "malleability" refers, again quite specifically, to cases where the metal is bent / shaped / pressed / formed / molded, usually by machines and through pressure. For example, in the case where jewelers use progressively smaller dies to make gold wire from gold ingots "ductility" (not malleability) should be used and in those cases where large machines use pressure to form auto body parts (such as doors) "malleability" is more appropriate. The two terms do overlap to a certain extent but they are not entirely interchangeable (in either language) and the nuances and usage are different. HTH.
Note from asker:
| I think in the case of steel it would be unusual to use anything other than ductility |
| ...for 延性. Malleability is a different property. |
| I should probably have said at the outset that this relates to steel :) |
5 hrs
Ductility strength
I ran the word in glove and got two meanings:
靭性 - toughness
延性 - ductility
Is the metal involved welded or soldered to each other? If so, maybe this word is trying to describe the strength of the connecting point.
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Note added at 5 hrs (2008-06-16 01:16:17 GMT)
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Sorry, Glova, not glove.
靭性 - toughness
延性 - ductility
Is the metal involved welded or soldered to each other? If so, maybe this word is trying to describe the strength of the connecting point.
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Note added at 5 hrs (2008-06-16 01:16:17 GMT)
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Sorry, Glova, not glove.
Discussion
All the other dictionaries on Breen's site give ductility for 延性 (as does the Green Goddess) which suggests that in this case Edict might not reliable.
The difference between malleability and ductility is that malleability is the ability to deform easily upon the application of a compressive force, and ductility is doing the same with tensile force
http://sam.davyson.com/as/physics/aluminium/site/structure.h...
Malleability is the ability of a substance to be deformed or shaped by hammering or rolling, it is a measure of how mobile the atoms/molecules of the substance are relative to each other. Ductility is the elongation that a substance can sustain when pulled (or rolled) without fracturing or breaking.
It is a measure of the cohesive strength of the substance.
http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/mats05/mats05072.htm