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espagnol vers anglais: NGO document on social housing Detailed field: Sciences sociales, sociologie, éthique, etc.
Texte source - espagnol La Declaración de la Conferencia de Estambul de 1996, colocó como uno de los temas fundamentales el desarrollo de asentamientos humanos sostenibles en un mundo en proceso de urbanización, destacando el papel que cumplen las ciudades como centros de civilización, de desarrollo económico, cultural, espiritual y científico.
Por medio del mejoramiento integral del hábitat popular, sustentado en procesos de producción social, es posible revertir las dinámicas de exclusión social y económica a los cuales se ha subordinado a las comunidades más vulnerables, al tiempo que se construye la ciudad con otra lógica fundada en los principios de solidaridad, participación, igualdad, e inclusión.
Todo ello conduce a la reivindicación del derecho a la ciudad como espacio de vida y de acción colectiva.
En América Latina existen diferentes y muy valiosas experiencias encaminadas a traducir estos conceptos en acciones concretas donde se suman en interlocución diversos actores: organizaciones comunitarias, ONGs, instituciones estatales, gobiernos locales, financiadores, empresas, etc.
Igualmente, se han diseñado políticas y mecanismos institucionales de promoción y apoyo a estas iniciativas de mejoramiento integral del hábitat popular. Sin embargo, en su gran mayoría estas no se han convertido en políticas de Estado, quedando todavía apenas en el ámbito de políticas de gobierno.
Traduction - anglais The Istanbul Declaration on Human Settlements of 1996 positioned the development of sustainable human settlements as one of the fundamental issues in a world in the process of urbanization, highlighting the role that cities have to play as the centres of civilization, and economic, cultural, spiritual, and scientific development.
By means of the integral improvement of popular housing, sustained by processes of social housing production, it is possible to reverse the dynamic of social and economic exclusion that has suppressed the most vulnerable communities. At the same time, it is equally possible to build cities using a different logic based on the principles of solidarity, participation, equality, and inclusion.
All of this will lead to the revindication of the right to the city as a space for living, and collective action.
In Latin America, there have been different and very valuable experiences channelled towards the translation of these concepts into concrete actions, where dialogues have been opened between diverse actors, such as: community organizations, NGOs, state institutions, local governments, financial institutions, and businesses, etc.
Likewise, policies and institutional mechanisms have been designed for the promotion and support of these initiatives for the integral improvement of popular housing. Nevertheless, in the vast majority of cases, these initiatives have not become state policies, and are still only just in the process of consideration among government policy makers.
français vers anglais: Business and Economics report on foreign currency reserves Detailed field: Entreprise / commerce
Texte source - français S'il est impossible de connaître le montant exact de dettes européennes qui sont dans les coffres de la banque centrale chinoise - un "secret d'Etat" - et de la plupart des autres pays d'Asie, les experts parviennent toutefois à donner quelques estimations. Et quelle que soit la méthode employée, les résultats sont édifiants. Soucieux de diversifier leurs réserves de changes jusqu'ici essentiellement libellées en dollars les pays asiatiques ont, en effet, depuis quelques années, amassé des euros. Et ces achats se sont encore accentués récemment, en 2008, avec la baisse du dollar.
Les banques centrales détiennent en moyenne 27 % de leurs réserves en euros contre 19 % en 2002. Pour la banque centrale chinoise, dotée de 2 400 milliards de dollars (1 943 milliards d'euros) au total, ce ratio porterait à 650 milliards de dollars le montant qu'elle détient en euros, dont un tiers en emprunts d'Etat. A titre de comparaison, la banque centrale chinoise aurait, selon la Réserve fédérale américaine (Fed), 895 milliards de dollars d'emprunts d'Etat américains. Autrement dit, la Chine est un investisseur-clé pour un Etat.
Surtout, la banque centrale de Chine et ses homologues asiatiques ne détiennent pas que des dettes, mais aussi d'autres actifs comme des actions et des dépôts libellés en euros. Selon Patrick Artus, responsable de la recherche chez Natixis, on atteindrait 11 000 milliards d'euros d'actifs européens détenus par ces acteurs asiatiques. "Si l'on "s'amuse" à imaginer l'impact d'une vente de tous ces actifs, l'euro pourrait chuter jusqu'au niveau de 0,60 dollar." Soit un plongeon de 51 % par rapport au cours actuel de 1,23 dollar.
Traduction - anglais If it is impossible to know the exact amount of European debt to be found in the coffers of China’s central bank - a “state secret” – and those of the majority of other countries in Asia, experts have nonetheless managed to offer some estimates. Whatever the method used, the results have been very enlightening. Concerned about diversifying their foreign currency reserves, essentially considered in dollars up to now, the countries of Asia have, in fact, been amassing euros for some years. Their purchases of this currency have also recently increased, in 2008, with the fall of the dollar.
An average of 27% of the reserves of these Asian central banks is held in euros, compared to 19% in 2002. For the Chinese central bank, endowed with a total of 2.4 trillion dollars (1.9 trillion euros) in reserves, this average percentage would mean that 650 billion dollars worth of these reserves are held in euros, of which a third constitute government loans. As a comparison, the People’s Bank of China, according to the American Federal Reserve, holds 895 billion dollars of US government loans. In other words, China is a key investor for any state.
Overall, the Chinese central bank and its Asian counterparts do not just hold reserves in debt, but also other assets such as shares and deposits in euros. According to Patrick Artus, head of research for Natixis, the total of European assets held by Asian institutions has reached 11 trillion euros. “If you fancied imagining the impact that a sale of all those assets would have, the euro could fall to as low as 0.60 dollars. This would be a 51% plunge in relation to the current value of the euro against the dollar of 1.23.
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Études de traduction
Master's degree - Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
Expérience
Années d'expérience en traduction : 18. Inscrit à ProZ.com : Feb 2010.
français vers anglais (BA in French and Spanish from the University of La) espagnol vers anglais (Masters in Translation and Interpreting Spanish/En) anglais vers espagnol (Masters in Translation and Interpreting, Spanish/E) français vers anglais (BA in French and Spanish from the University of La)
Affiliations
N/A
Logiciels
Adobe Acrobat, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word, Powerpoint, Trados Studio
I am an English freelance translator who has lived and worked in Mexico and Guatemala since 2004, but also spent a further year and a half in Mexico studying French and Spanish from July 2001 to December 2002.
I have a BA in French and Spanish from the University of Lancaster, in the United Kingdom. I also have a Masters in translation and interpreting English/Spanish from the UAG (the Autonomous University of Guadalajara) in Guadalajara, Mexico.
I am a co-founder of the translation and interpretation agency, Skala (www.skalatranslation.com), and have worked extensively in translation since 2008 with Skala and other translation and interpretation agencies in Mexico, including SIT and Traducciones Profesionales.
I have worked as a teacher, a community developer, and a fundraising manager, and hence have a variety of experience that has helped build my knowledge in fields such as: administration, business, community development, information technology, marketing, and tourism. I also have a profound interest in literature, and have translated a poetry book in collaboration with a published Mexican poet for my thesis. I am willing to tackle new areas, as long as I feel confident that the investigation resources, and time available to me, will be sufficient for me to have an acceptable grasp of the subject and its technical vocabulary and, as a result, to offer a high-quality translation. I very much enjoy a challenge.
I firmly believe that an integral part of any translator´s success, is the ability to always offer integrity, reliablilty, and a level of dedication (not just in terms of the translation process, but also in terms of thorough investigation of the relevant topics) that guarantees high quality at all times.
Mots clés : spanish, french, english, mexican, latin american, translation, interpretation, simultaneous, consecutive, social. See more.spanish, french, english, mexican, latin american, translation, interpretation, simultaneous, consecutive, social, ethics, marketing, linguistics, literature, science, medical, legal, energy, documentary, journalism, general, housing, building, balloons, solar, logistics, technology, history, geography, masters, experience, administration, . See less.
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